JFIF6Photoshop 3.08BIM@Physics-Informed Risk-Aware Learning Improves Multiaxial Structu720260814PSCIENMAGUAuthorhPhysics-Informed Risk-Aware Learning Improves Multiaxial Structural Reliability via Bayesian Calibration Science@https://scienmag.com/physics-informed-risk-aware-learning-improv© 2026 Sciencehttps://scienmag.com/A new study is turning structural safety into a problem that artificial intelligence can understand without losing sight of the laws of physics. Researchers G. Zhang, X. Yu, A. Song and colleagues have introduced a framework that combines mechanics-informed machine learning, risk-aware prediction and Bayesian calibration to evaluate how complex structures behave when they are […]ScienceTecTechnology and EngineeringTechnology and Engineeringadvanced structural simulation#Bayesian calibration in engineeringcomplex stress state analysis0failure mechanisms under multi-directional loads#mechanics-informed machine learning!multiaxial structural reliabilityphysics-based AI modeling/physics-informed neural networks for structuresrisk-aware failure prediction0safety assessment of complex engineering systemsstructural safety prediction(uncertainty quantification in structuresC    !'"#%%%),($+!$%$C   $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$"F!1AQ"aq#2BRb3Cr$c4ST0!1"2AQ3qa#4R ?FKO-hI"iǑi;[Y(v'7ӠuOl!L&m/ܑ=_1A{c.R;]m Yam(C.=F\gUJ oIAr.c7Zi/((7o~Zg3$+0GG]nnIݷ 'GZ77-)n(&o`+BylDRUanDl"'K7m;H)[UCO/[!e6'==mǭgKi|}KX|BaSK˩\6 N s\v(0S\TMzaR{:!jA-ʛJ*H'̫lM0=iSj!˥@><%Pѐۮ>o)p3"_tW JRZ[?$V[e6ݎQ۹V%Nrnl ~CY/3J@܆旼4GTpHp-3af#ir8+HZKgJKSKП*~{i#oHqRP܄ۛwY4SoƢcnn-R@ pcz!̄,Tb ~6]/\v;L!E'N<̨Qf K."Lmj(imN KP{J{^Z0RqW$r7A}P0s-*G#H% 6u nHK\ -r\)lI2Xn2趱P;a]-&+E6IJz㖨RٗE֗H.9AIIRw;(2S><%8wA(m!7s$[v`f&Е&eniH n/~턵t~/7 6g`}j{)e$C@ 5iPyxl𵺲cG.ˀZR%]>~kgRXrJgVVƤ][ߟ9S52U(k[c]Hw){:$*0+Z jR Z܏2V /(6@d! JMHӿcV* myiDkѷ\LjR&^m/}+?. ! Cw,mKGԳ ,8eLJր& =yTp[:Տ/g 5ؐ4)\GQrdu.ږuԛ,KEb2\GmKmE/8JvPe}6y3h#t*E2kk)0ԯ7- ɏXfz2qB%{l(iW_~p,lÏ̥<+ʠoOK\0ӫ_& e{~ v:@ FTWC,UQ=JJZx);*$' FɵUM4^%%(НnJdĭnSJo}I]8}_̭{%ƜxZԆ6n!%; ŀ%SV2I s#ͬeKeJé6ŹjM>HJ9YmN-Jxe`ww<[LPU},i,[SG|sxu,Ħy.$37QFh6ϩA%'u$j:I[~qN*bG,t4qkx~k0>O2OEQ[nn͛Pcq4+e y~$#`HJn7.@+ovZ2fY-6T<()$}T(Q;^[YN)Re*7aaٻ*V= Mڜ)SrE텅FL"HjĄ>v;ܖq cr{ˤ49]3ZWw@kXuɹ$~0W҈vllky\}L R:LLoS 6}C~6.Ǽe;@ %lطtq|XDjVTҌE%8ݮ n-r-a u7/>#TPEk)pq-j maa Aߋa(LTPun. JpFNTm2't N'^}Of h 1lH#`? W`L! `Y@I"3i<d(iQ^BIy,L*MFP.( lҸJm\ TDnW OlbwcWV땖`§i^焟n6al O8gP**a1Amd!7;FAT?2Ly삋mRL]T*r3.ܨX/}QAHa+Kem6Iy6$ÿQ[ic]Izd##o*[L!a VJ=zj9dgJv;zc:j5-ʘliwŀG5Zh.@өZ@ArfN]<s`̢O`۔n9AI{cgdRmdqumJ8[@1*[BIa1vjkZ[}wi]RlAN| -(?)LW~'#[w'35-S`V)_pƺ:|8Ŷ=\!-xtGdH7뎙Wy5vM54DŽR,`A$ >ԩ,UK*DyM&+ ZXɹْtVBAk.ؑ9]ZO2A!́ju9guKWH%R6c7"}-Sn-aAZսF&ˊyijE}+Fa4*R cb#XTw6ЧTKkPNIQn9*ڌ]l6 J+Hҡ~zs|=Jq~va b<)'9 &yo|L $?8>I}35:I工ϖr_ԀIJOM_d7뽈 Dvֲ6*7C |gn,8r:ZeՄ{\,c#@EҲb6SHm-ǂ7_+(H YjLd4ZPɗA^[h(&`uR|Z!]uXq:\KZq߀oa΁ u?^T4yֳ76 +:Llh99Nm8Za2Xyhn;ZnN:R5[4I%b=TꟅI#D_cu&҄:J]RѰ'움z\|]zD)DHKY:xMy}fI*~MD6[YoV┭EFF<] KEm]W( ?FXkIyPuߛd6 yJ6BVl 3CUcٮ;${zDu>_2nJ܆ M_sH{م,5M'Pa :2R"$8)^zl6 0lI "+Jvt3.<`r##TңcCh3PhRA H_ّT&MBPW ,H&BMϘcm&_8?Pâem̐Q17-\){nz`rTI{kH`e b.;ci&!0hH+: l7;WbHq)8!hx:M w8h]Sc{y` \V0DCh(\h%# CV5I nlz_S2ȏ f-GPmI@ܧm ؐ 8V^bS}JVUOÊyL[ r˟kP}|E&; yJ8#N(<u% C}V"/b#6])gJRX[zvԝrzĥdn`B.iM2V>7)+R~Bɯ)%mn8Ce:6T bp5%+=:eUUe*&[1e ɺ/{qV\9ZU*Z)u!:oe\'=2Tq]E!--j+*q9%FP4FrT3䏣 ;C|* t(&b?!QƗKoGh]6azM6U֯Y #zOj !,.[IZzcX92 \anGmb}<'`0x\zk $[~UOQ{c:k4ʖX/ 5t϶Ib2Ŧv'3#Ur.IHm݌>9TВ* ;y>z;#s"B%t'INL_bۚ^\VRTxB~?,u/BP#Y}.} 'kqp/ئcܗSIu('cbRssדwLU|}v\(RK<%)>ˑWpJRuĄy:Ez[\ҕ gNVQDāM~.*棪H$_{g7F79C pn,MsQ3:eP"fW!I.i`|7`sU. Kh}xq~֕p[䃃#QQUrZZ˱K0t_I~ qfF%m4dU!.:6mpݽn59lZJjMY7 J.mMWv-}Jwprf/ zLdWfQ1ǞW*}f7&6=o*y?M\*YJi.: e) RvAWƜ#rCjJ-RIԯ6lWdȏ~>_z_|Lw?{\0Yk]=:a9b&Fi A V$~6ؒI=p*#S邐3eAk0݅mKVǜN0 a *4Smi-Ā/nNebuYRd vH0s32BYfI<7'{h1K[Hm/ě h͛ dN᱔8R}bO-lP%*QCMx;7۩,;<*%&}O{Pv1ځBE$:RR;[8LNJTdBUq6SK\HI%= |!S HSIg\\%I(* b+=F!(аa't] iҢH8yN܁p )Ŏ7(Ff!mސvﰲ$UmTQHpAEu,A{ܣ-)e. $c":RT9G[!=Tw;(fQ<nZ}zj#%!MIXq&ZUbnkuv¦a(Oh֔IS'{X^׶ F"RؑSM'Ϳs%C+T믚w^ԫtM(\#~0+dm.Ъ[΀}A/%ħ$^t̶n@x 1b ?0P)0mg"mr: 8ۗy[+m&r i'y‹!HօPRtp˗c;ԌJ1 jВl$yIO< YcPDHW?8sTJi aƭ ؍ i|#BWQZlH$ZZ\֥j6)C!Gdt+9dq[A7IejK$"?!'zɑ'WS\k_L`Q$t8FoRMIui"o狔)r֣`{^UJHrCi;}zԓt hE?-?VJZb)ʎ׽bbʢҙc1*&5J,j _$y%Zү (#mwĒPi>h|HJԿ-~< 0MKM%4/,Qs8#Qft|蹸W*u ډn#FRϫU؝L`8(V"ێwC؄E*l~n9LZ - ƒ*EKW}RáŌ^s>Taiy$!kXJBE=z߶Z`IYZF WZ eQ)}>Tyְతj iRb""tHqՔP)7;n6œShESjҗH;H 'A MyFڙq ʡcnU1l*tĂ*<497ׁRCҙJ]HmǒF +Ñ9"}&uOiU\kA>C>d((z[ br0*X ޳^ '\te$ItI;2oEmۿ*.cy~"URx"#¨yM20 ]HMKe 9{jbr=?1.>Z"}0%O8oWjl,e^! < ဎ)i?+G c4rFqZO߉E1>W>mՉaG]E 1?Wo^HK(>u y{WoRPڊ!gЍ =N.-J7w#>3v{SΖ-!삒'W{h>&e2TS<&2u7Ѿ)ؑAP>T:{DvUN,>+CԷ>Π-tvrf;␤8l_BF~Q:6gX} NN`r]VlKZ.‰?['iiʍjW%mWE>wyGR)Y]=nʔݔՕ$, j·%өyQe.g$/JZRqz;$scM\yok7EO"Ө«Zyh2\]n$@;h.1q.,r6dvm.ө`8'@AQtj!nyo]NF'T ANaY!G]p}m#]PJnpm/'6C"t6uwR# T0%CR$~}?umc~CNTrvnqοnbcoݿiW}aM/= J? vBޖĉ>@- (Zo#Z',HXbUjr G-kl)FGS(EW\`8@Xew?P C?O4I=8怼~@ [B пz _ЌLL;i#[0sO