Metal halide perovskite solar cells have shown promising power conversion efficiencies, but commercialization requires that decent durability is also demonstrated. Under normal operation, solar cells are subject to a complex combination of stressors, such as visible light, ultraviolet light, heat, humidity, mechanical stress and electric potential, which complicates the understanding of failure mechanisms. Existing stress tests do not act as a time machine. In new materials systems such as perovskite photovoltaics, the tests have no known relationship to field service. In this Perspective we recommend following a durability learning cycle that interleaves photovoltaic module engineering with field testing; accelerated testing; and preconditioning and performance engineering. We advocate for field testing to demonstrate real-world performance and identify field-relevant failure modes, and urge the community to develop accelerated and qualification tests that account for device metastability, variations in material composition and different/various processing methods. These practices are more difficult, but more important, than the simple pursuit of higher initial efficiencies.
Silverman, T.J., Deceglie, M.G., Repins, I. et al. Durability research is pivotal for perovskite photovoltaics.
Nat Energy (2025).
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Silverman, T.J., Deceglie, M.G., Repins, I. et al. Durability research is pivotal for perovskite photovoltaics.
Nat Energy (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01786-w
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Tags: accelerated testing methodscommercialization challenges for solar energydevice metastability in solar cellsfailure mechanisms in photovoltaicsfield testing solar cellshumidity and heat stress on solar cellsmaterial composition variationsmetal halide perovskitesperformance engineering in photovoltaicsperovskite solar cell durability researchphotovoltaic module engineeringreal-world performance evaluation
